Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yog tag nrho ua ke nrog cov fibers reinforcing thiab cov khoom yas.Lub luag haujlwm ntawm resin hauv cov khoom sib xyaw yog qhov tseem ceeb.Kev xaiv ntawm cov resin txiav txim siab txog cov txheej txheem ntawm cov yam ntxwv, qee yam khoom siv thiab kev ua haujlwm (thermal zog, flammability, Environmental resistance, thiab lwm yam), resin khoom kuj yog ib qho tseem ceeb rau kev nkag siab txog cov khoom siv sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw.Thaum xaiv cov resin, lub qhov rais uas txiav txim siab qhov ntau ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw yog txiav txim siab.Thermosetting resin yog cov khoom siv feem ntau siv rau cov khoom sib xyaw matrix vim nws cov khoom tsim tau zoo.Thermoset resins yuav luag tsuas yog kua los yog ib nrab ntawm cov khoom nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub, thiab conceptually lawv zoo li cov monomers uas ua rau cov thermoplastic resin tshaj cov thermoplastic resin nyob rau hauv lub xeev kawg.Ua ntej cov thermosetting resins raug kho, lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv ntau yam duab, tab sis ib zaug kho tau siv cov tshuaj tua kab mob, cov neeg pib lossis cov cua sov, lawv tsis tuaj yeem rov qab zoo li qub vim tias cov khoom siv tshuaj raug tsim tawm thaum kho, ua rau cov khoom me me tau hloov mus rau hauv peb-seem sib txuas. rigid polymers nrog ntau dua molecular luj.
Muaj ntau ntau hom thermosetting resins, feem ntau siv yog phenolic resins,epoxy cob, bis-horse resins, vinyl resins, phenolic resins, thiab lwm yam.
(1) Phenolic resin yog ib qho thermosetting thaum ntxov nrog adhesion zoo, zoo tshav kub tsis kam thiab dielectric zog tom qab kho, thiab nws cov yam ntxwv zoo heev yog cov nplaim hluav taws zoo heev, tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob tso tawm, tsis tshua muaj pa taws, thiab combustion.Cov roj tso tawm tsis tshua muaj tshuaj lom.Cov txheej txheem ua tau zoo, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm molding, winding, tes lay-up, spraying, thiab pultrusion txheej txheem.Ntau cov phenolic resin-raws li cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm cov dav hlau dav hlau.
(2)Epoxy cobyog ib tug thaum ntxov cob matrix siv nyob rau hauv aircraft lug.Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv.Cov tshuaj tua kab sib txawv thiab cov accelerators tuaj yeem tau txais qhov kub thiab txias ntawm chav tsev kub txog 180 ℃;nws muaj ntau dua mechanical zog;Zoo fiber ntau txuam hom;kub thiab humidity kuj;zoo heev toughness;zoo heev manufacturability (zoo npog, nruab nrab resin viscosity, zoo fluidity, pressurized bandwidth, thiab lwm yam);haum rau tag nrho co-curing molding ntawm cov khoom loj;pheej yig.Cov txheej txheem molding zoo thiab zoo heev toughness ntawm epoxy resin ua rau nws nyob rau hauv ib tug tseem ceeb txoj hauj lwm nyob rau hauv lub resin matrix ntawm advanced composite cov ntaub ntawv.
(3)Vinyl cobtau lees paub tias yog ib qho zoo heev corrosion-resistant resins.Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus feem ntau cov kua qaub, alkalis, ntsev tov thiab cov kuab tshuaj muaj zog.Nws yog dav siv hauv papermaking, tshuaj lom neeg kev lag luam, electronics, roj av, cia thiab tsheb thauj mus los, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nkoj, Automotive teeb pom kev lag luam.Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm unsaturated polyester thiab epoxy resin, yog li ntawd nws muaj ob qho tib si zoo heev mechanical zog ntawm epoxy resin thiab cov txheej txheem zoo ntawm unsaturated polyester.Ntxiv nrog rau qhov zoo tshaj plaws corrosion kuj, hom resin no kuj muaj cov cua sov zoo.Nws suav nrog hom qauv, hom kub kub, hom nplaim hluav taws xob, hom kev cuam tshuam thiab lwm yam.Daim ntawv thov ntawm vinyl resin nyob rau hauv fiber reinforced yas (FRP) feem ntau yog ua los ntawm tes nteg-up, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv anti-corrosion daim ntaub ntawv.Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm SMC, nws daim ntawv thov hauv qhov no kuj tseem ceeb heev.
(4) Hloov kho bismaleimide resin (hu ua bismaleimide resin) yog tsim los ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov dav hlau dav hlau tshiab rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke.Cov kev cai no muaj xws li: cov khoom loj thiab cov ntaub ntawv nyuaj ntawm 130 ℃ Kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom, thiab lwm yam. Piv nrog epoxy resin, Shuangma resin yog tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov av noo thiab kub ua haujlwm thiab kev ua haujlwm siab;Qhov tsis zoo yog qhov kev tsim khoom tsis zoo li epoxy resin, thiab qhov kub thiab txias yog siab (kho siab tshaj 185 ℃), thiab yuav tsum tau kub ntawm 200 ℃.Los yog rau lub sijhawm ntev ntawm qhov kub siab tshaj 200 ℃.
(5) Cyanide (qing diacoustic) ester resin muaj tsawg dielectric tas li (2.8 ~ 3.2) thiab me me dielectric poob tangent (0.002 ~ 0.008), siab hloov iav kub (240 ~ 290 ℃), tsawg shrinkage, tsis tshua muaj noo noo nqus, zoo heev txhua yam khoom thiab cov khoom sib txuas, thiab lwm yam, thiab nws muaj cov cuab yeej ua haujlwm zoo sib xws rau epoxy resin.
Tam sim no, cyanate resins feem ntau yog siv nyob rau hauv peb yam: luam ntawv Circuit Court boards rau high-ceev digital thiab high-frequency, high-kev ua tau zoo yoj-transmitting structural ntaub ntawv thiab high-kev ua tau zoo structural composite cov ntaub ntawv rau aerospace.
Txhawm rau muab nws yooj yim, epoxy resin, kev ua tau zoo ntawm epoxy resin tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog kev sib xyaw ua ke, tab sis kuj tseem nyob ntawm cov qauv molecular.Cov pab pawg glycidyl hauv epoxy resin yog ib ntu hloov tau, uas tuaj yeem txo cov viscosity ntawm cov resin thiab txhim kho cov txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo, tab sis tib lub sijhawm txo cov cua sov ntawm cov khoom kho.Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb los txhim kho cov thermal thiab mechanical zog ntawm kho epoxy resins yog qhov hnyav molecular thiab multifunctionalization kom nce crosslink ceev thiab qhia cov qauv nruj.Yog lawm, kev taw qhia ntawm cov qauv nruj ua rau txo qis hauv solubility thiab nce viscosity, uas ua rau txo qis hauv epoxy resin txheej txheem kev ua haujlwm.Yuav ua li cas los txhim kho qhov kub thiab txias ntawm epoxy resin system yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev.Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm cov resin thiab curing tus neeg saib xyuas, cov pab pawg ua haujlwm ntau dua, qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntau dua.Qhov siab dua Tg.Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb: Siv cov khoom siv ntau yam epoxy resin lossis kho tus neeg sawv cev, siv cov purity epoxy resin.Txoj kev siv feem ntau yog ntxiv ib qho kev faib ua feem ntawm o-methyl acetaldehyde epoxy resin rau hauv cov txheej txheem kho, uas muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tus nqi qis.Qhov loj dua qhov nruab nrab qhov hnyav molecular, qhov nqaim ntawm qhov hnyav molecular faib, thiab siab dua Tg.Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb: Siv cov khoom siv ntau yam epoxy resin lossis tus neeg sawv cev kho lossis lwm txoj hauv kev nrog cov khoom sib xws ntawm cov khoom hnyav molecular.
Raws li ib tug high-performance resin matrix siv raws li ib tug composite matrix, nws muaj ntau yam khoom, xws li processability, thermophysical zog thiab txhua yam khoom, yuav tsum tau raws li cov kev xav tau ntawm kev siv tswv yim.Resin matrix manufacturability muaj xws li solubility nyob rau hauv cov kuab tshuaj, yaj viscosity (fluidity) thiab viscosity hloov, thiab gel lub sij hawm hloov nrog kub (qhov rais txheej txheem).Cov txheej txheem ntawm cov resin formulation thiab cov kev xaiv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub txiav txim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kinetics (kho tus nqi), tshuaj rheological zog (viscosity-kub piv rau lub sij hawm), thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv thermodynamics (exothermic).Cov txheej txheem sib txawv muaj qhov xav tau sib txawv rau cov viscosity resin.Feem ntau hais lus, rau cov txheej txheem winding, cov viscosity resin feem ntau yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 500cPs;rau cov txheej txheem pultrusion, resin viscosity nyob ib ncig ntawm 800 ~ 1200cPs;rau lub tshuab nqus tsev qhia cov txheej txheem, cov resin viscosity feem ntau yog nyob ib ncig ntawm 300cPs, thiab cov txheej txheem RTM yuav siab dua, tab sis feem ntau, nws yuav tsis tshaj 800cPs;rau cov txheej txheem prepreg, cov viscosity yuav tsum tau siab, feem ntau nyob ib ncig ntawm 30000 ~ 50000cPs.Tau kawg, cov kev xav tau viscosity no muaj feem xyuam rau cov khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem, cov khoom siv thiab cov khoom siv lawv tus kheej, thiab tsis zoo li qub.Feem ntau hais lus, raws li qhov kub thiab txias, qhov viscosity ntawm cov resin txo qis hauv qhov kub thiab txias;Txawm li cas los xij, raws li qhov kub thiab txias, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntawm cov resin kuj tseem tshwm sim, kev hais lus zoo, qhov kub thiab txias Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ob npaug rau txhua 10 ℃ nce, thiab qhov kev kwv yees no tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kwv yees thaum lub viscosity ntawm reactive resin system nce mus rau ib tug qee qhov tseem ceeb viscosity point.Piv txwv li, nws yuav siv sij hawm 50 feeb rau cov txheej txheem resin nrog viscosity ntawm 200cPs ntawm 100 ℃ kom nws viscosity mus rau 1000cPs, ces lub sij hawm yuav tsum tau rau tib resin system kom nws thawj viscosity ntawm tsawg dua 200cPs rau 1000cPs ntawm 110 ℃ yog. txog 25 feeb.Kev xaiv cov txheej txheem yuav tsum tau xav txog tag nrho cov viscosity thiab gel lub sij hawm.Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev introduction txheej txheem, nws yog tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias lub viscosity ntawm lub khiav hauj lwm kub nyob rau hauv lub viscosity ntau yam yuav tsum tau los ntawm tus txheej txheem, thiab lub lauj kaub lub neej ntawm resin nyob rau hauv qhov kub thiab txias yuav tsum tau ntev txaus los xyuas kom meej tias cov resin. tuaj yeem raug import.Txhawm rau ua kom tiav, xaiv hom resin hauv cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum xav txog cov ntsiab lus gel, sau lub sijhawm thiab kub ntawm cov khoom.Lwm cov txheej txheem muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws.
Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem molding, qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm ib feem (pwm), hom kev txhawb zog, thiab cov txheej txheem tsis txiav txim siab qhov hloov pauv ntawm cov cua sov thiab cov txheej txheem loj ntawm cov txheej txheem.Resin kho exothermic tshav kub, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj bonds.Qhov ntau cov tshuaj bonds tsim ib chav tsev ntim ib lub sij hawm, lub zog ntau yog tso tawm.Lub tshav kub hloov coefficients ntawm resins thiab lawv cov polymers feem ntau yog tsawg heev.Tus nqi ntawm kev tshem tawm cov cua sov thaum lub sij hawm polymerization tsis tuaj yeem phim tus nqi ntawm kev tsim hluav taws xob.Cov kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov cua sov no ua rau cov tshuaj lom neeg ua rau muaj qhov nrawm dua, ua rau ntau dua Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tus kheej nrawm no yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov chaw.Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj hauv kev tsim cov khoom loj-thickness composite qhov chaw, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los txhim kho txoj kev kho kom zoo.Qhov teeb meem ntawm lub zos "kub overshoot" tshwm sim los ntawm lub siab exothermic tus nqi ntawm prepreg curing, thiab lub xeev txawv (xws li kub txawv) ntawm lub ntiaj teb no txheej txheem qhov rais thiab lub zos txheej txheem qhov rais yog tag nrho vim li cas los tswj cov txheej txheem curing.Qhov "temperature uniformity" nyob rau hauv ib feem (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv lub thickness kev taw qhia ntawm ib feem), kom ua tau "temperature uniformity" nyob ntawm qhov kev npaj (los yog daim ntawv thov) ntawm ib co "unit technologies" nyob rau hauv lub "manufacturing system".Rau qhov nyias nyias, vim tias cov cua kub ntau yuav ploj mus rau hauv ib puag ncig, qhov kub thiab txias nce maj mam, thiab qee zaum qhov yuav tsis kho tag nrho.Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, kev pabcuam cua sov yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom tiav cov kev sib txuas sib txuas, uas yog, cov cua kub tsis tu ncua.
Cov khoom sib xyaw uas tsis yog-autoclave txoj kev siv tshuab yog txheeb ze rau cov tsoos autoclave txoj kev siv tshuab.Hais lus dav dav, txhua yam khoom siv sib xyaw ua qauv uas tsis siv cov khoom siv autoclave tuaj yeem hu ua non-autoclave forming technology..Txog tam sim no, daim ntawv thov ntawm non-autoclave molding tshuab hauv aerospace teb feem ntau suav nrog cov lus qhia hauv qab no: non-autoclave prepreg technology, kua molding tshuab, prepreg compression molding tshuab, microwave curing tshuab, electron beam curing technology, Balanced pressure fluid forming technology. .Ntawm cov thev naus laus zis no, OoA (Outof Autoclave) prepreg thev naus laus zis yog ze dua rau cov txheej txheem autoclave ib txwm ua, thiab muaj ntau yam kev tuav pov hwm thiab tsis siv neeg nteg txheej txheem txheej txheem, yog li nws tau suav tias yog cov ntaub tsis-woven uas zoo li yuav pom tau. ntawm qhov loj.Autoclave txoj kev siv tshuab.Ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm kev siv lub tshuab autoclave rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua haujlwm siab yog los muab lub siab txaus rau lub prepreg, ntau dua li qhov vapor siab ntawm cov pa roj thaum kho, inhibit qhov tsim ntawm qhov pores, thiab qhov no yog OoA prepreg Qhov teeb meem tseem ceeb uas siv tshuab. yuav tsum tau tawg.Txawm hais tias qhov porosity ntawm qhov tuaj yeem tswj tau nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev siab thiab nws qhov kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm autoclave kho laminate yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm OoA prepreg thiab nws cov txheej txheem molding.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm OoA prepreg thev naus laus zis ua ntej pib los ntawm kev tsim cov resin.Muaj peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev txhim kho cov resins rau OoA prepregs: ib qho yog los tswj cov porosity ntawm molded qhov chaw, xws li siv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv-kho resins kom txo cov volatiles hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv curing;Qhov thib ob yog los txhim kho cov kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov resins kho kom ua tiav cov khoom siv los ntawm cov txheej txheem autoclave, nrog rau cov khoom siv thermal thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab;Qhov thib peb yog los xyuas kom meej tias lub prepreg muaj zoo manufacturability, xws li xyuas kom meej tias cov resin yuav ntws nyob rau hauv ib tug siab gradient ntawm ib tug atmospheric siab, xyuas kom meej tias nws muaj ib tug ntev viscosity lub neej thiab txaus chav tsev kub sab nraum lub sij hawm, thiab lwm yam Raw khoom manufacturers coj. cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb thiab kev tsim kho raws li cov qauv tsim tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem txheej txheem.Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb yuav tsum muaj xws li: txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab, ua kom lub sijhawm sab nraud, txo qhov kub thiab txias, thiab txhim kho cov dej noo thiab cua sov.Qee qhov kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo no tsis sib haum., xws li siab toughness thiab tsis kub curing.Koj yuav tsum nrhiav qhov sib npaug ntawm qhov sib npaug thiab xav txog nws ua tiav!
Ntxiv nrog rau kev txhim kho resin, txoj kev tsim khoom ntawm prepreg kuj txhawb nqa kev txhim kho ntawm OoA prepreg.Txoj kev tshawb nrhiav pom qhov tseem ceeb ntawm prepreg lub tshuab nqus tsev rau kev ua xoom-porosity laminates.Cov kev tshawb fawb tom qab tau pom tias semi-impregnated prepregs tuaj yeem txhim kho cov pa permeability zoo.OoA prepregs yog semi-impregnated nrog cob, thiab qhuav fibers yog siv raws li cov pa tso pa tawm.Cov pa roj thiab cov volatiles koom nrog hauv kev kho ntawm qhov tuaj yeem tso tawm los ntawm cov kab xws li qhov porosity ntawm qhov kawg yog <1%.
Cov txheej txheem nqus hnab ntim khoom yog rau cov txheej txheem uas tsis yog-autoclave (OoA).Hauv luv luv, nws yog cov txheej txheem molding uas kaw cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov pwm thiab lub hnab nqus tsev vacuum, thiab nias cov khoom los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev kom cov khoom sib txuas thiab cov khoom siv zoo dua qub.Cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim khoom yog
Ua ntej, tus neeg sawv cev tso tawm lossis cov ntaub tso tawm yog siv rau lub layup pwm (los yog iav ntawv).Tus prepreg yog kuaj xyuas raws li tus qauv ntawm cov txheej txheem Prepreg, feem ntau yog suav nrog qhov ntom ntom ntom, cov ntsiab lus cob cov ntsiab lus, cov ntaub ntawv hloov chaw thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv ntawm cov expreg.Txiav lub prepreg kom loj.Thaum txiav, xyuam xim rau cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov fibers.Feem ntau, qhov sib txawv ntawm cov fibers yuav tsum tsawg dua 1 °.Sau tus lej txhua qhov blanking thiab sau tus lej prepreg.Thaum muab cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yuav tsum tau muab tso rau hauv nruj raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov ntaub ntawv nteg, thiab PE zaj duab xis lossis cov ntawv tso tawm yuav tsum tau txuas nrog cov kev taw qhia ntawm cov fibers, thiab cov cua npuas yuav tsum. yuav caum raws txoj kev ntawm cov fibers.Lub scraper nthuav tawm cov prepreg thiab scrapes nws tawm ntau li ntau tau kom tshem tawm cov huab cua ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg.Thaum tso, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog rau splicing prepregs, uas yuav tsum tau spliced raws li fiber ntau cov kev taw qhia.Nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem splicing, sib tshooj thiab sib tshooj tsawg dua yuav tsum ua tiav, thiab cov hlua khi ntawm txhua txheej yuav tsum tau staggered.Feem ntau, qhov sib txawv ntawm unidirectional prepreg yog raws li hauv qab no.1 hli;lub braided prepreg tsuas yog tso cai rau sib tshooj, tsis yog splicing, thiab sib tshooj dav yog 10 ~ 15mm.Tom ntej no, xyuam xim rau lub tshuab nqus tsev pre-compaction, thiab lub thickness ntawm pre-pumping nws txawv raws li cov kev xav tau sib txawv.Lub hom phiaj yog kom tso tawm cov huab cua uas nyob rau hauv lub layup thiab cov volatiles nyob rau hauv lub prepreg kom lub sab hauv zoo ntawm cov khoom.Tom qab ntawd muaj kev tso cov khoom pab cuam thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev ntim khoom.Hnab sealing thiab kho: Qhov kawg yuav tsum tau ua kom tsis txhob muaj cua xau.Lus Cim: Qhov chaw uas feem ntau cov pa tawm yog cov sealant sib koom ua ke.
Peb kuj tsimfiberglass direct roving,fiberglass mats, fiberglass mesh, thiabfiberglass woven roving.
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Post lub sij hawm: May-23-2022
