Cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw ua ke yog sib xyaw nrog cov fibers reinforcing thiab cov khoom siv yas. Lub luag haujlwm ntawm resin hauv cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw yog qhov tseem ceeb. Kev xaiv cov resin txiav txim siab ntau yam ntawm cov txheej txheem yam ntxwv, qee cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab kev ua haujlwm (cov khoom thermal, flammability, Environmental resistance, thiab lwm yam), cov khoom resin kuj yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev nkag siab txog cov khoom siv kho tshuab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw. Thaum xaiv cov resin, lub qhov rais uas txiav txim siab ntau yam ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab cov khoom ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw tau txiav txim siab cia li. Thermosetting resin yog hom resin siv rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke vim nws muaj peev xwm tsim khoom zoo. Thermoset resins yuav luag tsuas yog kua lossis semi-khoom ntawm chav tsev kub, thiab lub tswv yim lawv zoo li cov monomers uas ua rau cov thermoplastic resin dua li cov thermoplastic resin hauv lub xeev kawg. Ua ntej cov thermosetting resins kho, lawv tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv ntau yam duab, tab sis thaum kho siv cov neeg sawv cev kho, cov pib lossis cua sov, lawv tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua vim tias cov tshuaj sib txuas tau tsim thaum lub sijhawm kho, ua rau cov molecules me me raug hloov mus rau hauv peb-seem cross-linked rigid polymers nrog cov phaus molecular siab dua.
Muaj ntau hom thermosetting resins, feem ntau siv yog phenolic resins,cov tshuaj epoxy, bis-nees resins, cov yas resins, phenolic resins, thiab lwm yam.
(1) Phenolic resin yog cov khoom siv thermosetting thaum ntxov uas muaj kev nplaum zoo, tiv taus cua sov zoo thiab cov khoom dielectric tom qab kho, thiab nws cov yam ntxwv zoo tshaj plaws yog cov khoom tiv taus hluav taws zoo heev, tso tawm cua sov tsawg, pa luam yeeb tsawg, thiab hlawv. Cov pa roj tso tawm tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Kev ua tau zoo, thiab cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm kev molding, winding, tes tso, txau, thiab pultrusion txheej txheem. Muaj ntau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke phenolic resin siv rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv kho kom zoo nkauj sab hauv ntawm cov dav hlau pej xeem.
(2)Cov tshuaj epoxyyog ib qho resin matrix thaum ntxov siv rau hauv cov qauv dav hlau. Nws yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm ntau yam khoom siv. Cov neeg sawv cev kho thiab cov khoom ua kom nrawm sib txawv tuaj yeem tau txais qhov kub kho ntawm qhov kub hauv chav tsev mus txog 180 ℃; nws muaj cov khoom siv kho tshuab siab dua; Hom fiber zoo sib xws; tiv taus cua sov thiab av noo; tawv zoo heev; kev tsim khoom zoo heev (kev npog zoo, viscosity resin nruab nrab, fluidity zoo, pressurized bandwidth, thiab lwm yam); haum rau kev sib koom ua ke molding ntawm cov khoom loj; pheej yig. Cov txheej txheem molding zoo thiab tawv zoo ntawm epoxy resin ua rau nws nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov resin matrix ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua ke.
(3)Cov roj hmab vinylNws yog ib qho ntawm cov resins zoo heev uas tiv taus corrosion. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus feem ntau cov kua qaub, alkalis, ntsev thiab cov kuab tshuaj muaj zog. Nws yog siv dav hauv kev ua ntawv, kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, khoom siv hluav taws xob, roj av, khaws cia thiab thauj mus los, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig, nkoj, Kev lag luam teeb pom kev zoo hauv tsheb. Nws muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm unsaturated polyester thiab epoxy resin, yog li nws muaj ob qho tib si cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo ntawm epoxy resin thiab cov txheej txheem ua tau zoo ntawm unsaturated polyester. Ntxiv nrog rau qhov tiv taus corrosion zoo heev, hom resin no kuj muaj kev tiv thaiv kub zoo. Nws suav nrog hom txheem, hom kub siab, hom nplaim taws retardant, hom cuam tshuam thiab lwm yam. Kev siv vinyl resin hauv fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) feem ntau yog raws li kev teeb tsa tes, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv kev siv tiv thaiv corrosion. Nrog rau kev txhim kho ntawm SMC, nws daim ntawv thov hauv qhov no kuj pom tseeb heev.
(4) Cov tshuaj bismaleimide hloov kho (hu ua bismaleimide resin) yog tsim los ua kom tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cov dav hlau sib ntaus sib tua tshiab rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Cov kev xav tau no suav nrog: cov khoom loj thiab cov qauv nyuaj ntawm 130 ℃ Kev tsim cov khoom, thiab lwm yam. Piv nrog epoxy resin, Shuangma resin feem ntau yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm cov av noo zoo dua thiab tiv taus cua sov thiab kub ua haujlwm siab; qhov tsis zoo yog tias kev tsim khoom tsis zoo li epoxy resin, thiab qhov kub kho yog siab (kho siab dua 185 ℃), thiab xav tau qhov kub ntawm 200 ℃. Los yog ntev ntev ntawm qhov kub siab dua 200 ℃.
(5) Cyanide (qing diacoustic) ester resin muaj qhov tsis tshua muaj dielectric tas mus li (2.8 ~ 3.2) thiab qhov me me dielectric poob tangent (0.002 ~ 0.008), qhov kub hloov iav siab (240 ~ 290 ℃), Qis shrinkage, tsis tshua muaj dej noo nqus, cov khoom siv zoo heev thiab cov khoom sib txuas, thiab lwm yam, thiab nws muaj cov txheej txheem ua zoo sib xws rau epoxy resin.
Tam sim no, cov cyanate resins feem ntau yog siv rau hauv peb yam: cov laug cam luam tawm rau cov khoom siv digital ceev ceev thiab cov zaus siab, cov khoom siv xa xov nthwv dej ua haujlwm siab thiab cov khoom siv sib xyaw ua haujlwm siab rau aerospace.
Hais yooj yim xwb, epoxy resin, kev ua tau zoo ntawm epoxy resin tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog cov xwm txheej synthesis xwb, tab sis kuj tseem nyob ntawm cov qauv molecular. Pawg glycidyl hauv epoxy resin yog ib ntu yooj ywm, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov viscosity ntawm cov resin thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov txheej txheem, tab sis tib lub sijhawm txo qhov tiv taus cua sov ntawm cov resin kho. Cov hauv kev tseem ceeb los txhim kho cov khoom siv thermal thiab mechanical ntawm cov epoxy resins kho yog qhov hnyav molecular qis thiab multifunctionalization kom nce crosslink ceev thiab qhia cov qauv rigid. Tau kawg, kev qhia txog cov qauv rigid ua rau txo qis solubility thiab nce viscosity, uas ua rau txo qis hauv epoxy resin txheej txheem kev ua tau zoo. Yuav ua li cas txhim kho qhov kub tsis kam ntawm epoxy resin system yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Los ntawm qhov pom ntawm resin thiab tus neeg sawv cev kho, cov pab pawg ua haujlwm ntau dua, qhov ntau dua qhov ceev crosslinking. Qhov siab dua Tg. Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb: Siv multifunctional epoxy resin lossis tus neeg sawv cev kho, siv cov epoxy resin purity siab. Txoj kev siv feem ntau yog ntxiv qee qhov feem ntawm o-methyl acetaldehyde epoxy resin rau hauv lub kaw lus kho, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab tus nqi qis. Qhov loj dua qhov nruab nrab ntawm qhov hnyav molecular, qhov nqaim dua qhov faib qhov hnyav molecular, thiab qhov siab dua Tg. Kev ua haujlwm tshwj xeeb: Siv cov tshuaj epoxy resin ntau yam lossis cov neeg sawv cev kho lossis lwm txoj hauv kev nrog qhov faib qhov hnyav molecular sib xws.
Raws li cov khoom siv resin matrix uas muaj kev ua tau zoo siv los ua cov khoom sib xyaw, nws cov khoom sib txawv, xws li kev ua haujlwm tau zoo, cov khoom siv thermophysical thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab, yuav tsum ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm kev siv. Kev tsim khoom ntawm cov khoom siv resin matrix suav nrog kev yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj, kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kua nplaum (fluidity) thiab kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kua nplaum, thiab lub sijhawm gel hloov pauv nrog qhov kub thiab txias (qhov rai txheej txheem). Cov khoom sib xyaw ntawm cov qauv resin thiab kev xaiv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv txiav txim siab txog kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kinetics (kev kho sai), cov khoom siv rheological (viscosity-kub piv rau lub sijhawm), thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thermodynamics (exothermic). Cov txheej txheem sib txawv muaj cov kev xav tau sib txawv rau cov kua nplaum viscosity. Feem ntau hais lus, rau cov txheej txheem winding, cov kua nplaum viscosity feem ntau yog nyob ib puag ncig 500cPs; rau cov txheej txheem pultrusion, cov kua nplaum viscosity yog nyob ib puag ncig 800 ~ 1200cPs; rau cov txheej txheem qhia txog lub tshuab nqus tsev, cov kua nplaum viscosity feem ntau yog nyob ib puag ncig 300cPs, thiab cov txheej txheem RTM yuav siab dua, tab sis Feem ntau, nws yuav tsis tshaj 800cPs; Rau cov txheej txheem prepreg, qhov viscosity yuav tsum siab heev, feem ntau nyob ib puag ncig 30000 ~ 50000cPs. Tau kawg, cov kev xav tau viscosity no muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom ntawm cov txheej txheem, cov khoom siv thiab cov ntaub ntawv lawv tus kheej, thiab tsis yog static. Feem ntau hais lus, thaum qhov kub nce, qhov viscosity ntawm cov resin txo qis hauv qhov kub qis dua; txawm li cas los xij, thaum qhov kub nce, qhov kev kho mob ntawm cov resin kuj tseem mus ntxiv, kinetically hais lus, qhov kub Qhov kev ua haujlwm nce ob npaug rau txhua 10 ℃ nce, thiab qhov kev kwv yees no tseem muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev kwv yees thaum qhov viscosity ntawm cov tshuaj reactive resin system nce mus rau qee qhov viscosity tseem ceeb. Piv txwv li, nws siv sijhawm 50 feeb rau cov tshuaj resin system nrog viscosity ntawm 200cPs ntawm 100 ℃ kom nce nws cov viscosity rau 1000cPs, tom qab ntawd lub sijhawm xav tau rau tib lub tshuaj resin system kom nce nws cov viscosity pib los ntawm tsawg dua 200cPs mus rau 1000cPs ntawm 110 ℃ yog li 25 feeb. Kev xaiv cov txheej txheem yuav tsum xav txog qhov viscosity thiab lub sijhawm gel. Piv txwv li, hauv cov txheej txheem qhia txog lub tshuab nqus tsev, nws yog qhov tsim nyog los xyuas kom meej tias qhov viscosity ntawm qhov kub ua haujlwm yog nyob rau hauv qhov ntau viscosity uas cov txheej txheem xav tau, thiab lub neej ntawm cov resin ntawm qhov kub no yuav tsum ntev txaus kom ntseeg tau tias cov resin tuaj yeem xa tuaj. Hauv kev xaus, kev xaiv hom resin hauv cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj yuav tsum xav txog qhov gel point, lub sijhawm sau thiab qhov kub ntawm cov khoom siv. Lwm cov txheej txheem muaj qhov xwm txheej zoo sib xws.
Hauv cov txheej txheem molding, qhov loj thiab cov duab ntawm qhov (pwm), hom kev txhawb nqa, thiab cov txheej txheem ntsuas qhov hloov pauv cua sov thiab cov txheej txheem hloov pauv loj ntawm cov txheej txheem. Resin kho cov cua sov exothermic, uas yog tsim los ntawm kev tsim cov tshuaj sib txuas. Cov tshuaj sib txuas ntau dua tsim ib chav ntim ib chav sijhawm, lub zog ntau dua raug tso tawm. Cov coefficients hloov pauv cua sov ntawm cov resins thiab lawv cov polymers feem ntau qis heev. Tus nqi ntawm kev tshem tawm cua sov thaum lub sijhawm polymerization tsis tuaj yeem phim tus nqi ntawm kev tsim cua sov. Cov cua sov ntxiv no ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kom ua tiav sai dua, ua rau muaj ntau dua Qhov kev tiv thaiv tus kheej no yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab lossis kev puas tsuaj ntawm qhov khoom. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb dua hauv kev tsim cov khoom sib xyaw loj-tuab, thiab nws yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb los ua kom zoo dua txoj kev kho. Qhov teeb meem ntawm "kub overshoot" hauv zos tshwm sim los ntawm tus nqi exothermic siab ntawm prepreg kho, thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm lub xeev (xws li qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub) ntawm lub qhov rais txheej txheem thoob ntiaj teb thiab lub qhov rais txheej txheem hauv zos yog txhua yam vim yog yuav ua li cas tswj cov txheej txheem kho. Qhov "kub sib npaug" hauv qhov (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qhov tuab ntawm qhov), kom ua tiav "kub sib npaug" nyob ntawm qhov kev npaj (lossis daim ntawv thov) ntawm qee qhov "unit technologies" hauv "kev tsim khoom". Rau cov khoom nyias nyias, vim tias muaj cua sov ntau heev yuav raug xa mus rau hauv ib puag ncig, qhov kub nce maj mam, thiab qee zaum qhov khoom yuav tsis kho tag nrho. Lub sijhawm no, cua sov pab yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom tiav qhov kev sib txuas, uas yog, cua sov tas mus li.
Cov txheej txheem tsim cov khoom sib xyaw uas tsis yog autoclave yog piv rau cov txheej txheem tsim autoclave ib txwm muaj. Feem ntau, txhua txoj kev tsim cov khoom sib xyaw uas tsis siv cov khoom siv autoclave tuaj yeem hu ua cov txheej txheem tsim tsis yog autoclave. Txog tam sim no, kev siv cov txheej txheem molding tsis yog autoclave hauv kev lag luam aerospace feem ntau suav nrog cov lus qhia hauv qab no: cov txheej txheem prepreg tsis yog autoclave, cov txheej txheem molding kua, cov txheej txheem molding prepreg compression, cov txheej txheem microwave curing, cov txheej txheem electron beam curing, cov txheej txheem tsim kua siab sib npaug. Ntawm cov txheej txheem no, OoA (Outof Autoclave) cov txheej txheem prepreg yog ze rau cov txheej txheem tsim autoclave ib txwm muaj, thiab muaj ntau yam kev teeb tsa tes thiab cov txheej txheem tso tsis siv neeg, yog li nws suav hais tias yog cov ntaub tsis-woven uas yuav ua tiav ntawm qhov loj. Cov txheej txheem tsim Autoclave. Ib qho laj thawj tseem ceeb rau kev siv autoclave rau cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke siab yog muab lub siab txaus rau prepreg, ntau dua li lub siab ntawm cov pa roj thaum lub sijhawm kho, kom tiv thaiv kev tsim cov qhov hws, thiab qhov no yog OoA prepreg Qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws uas cov txheej txheem xav tau los ntawm. Seb qhov porosity ntawm qhov tuaj yeem tswj tau nyob rau hauv lub tshuab nqus tsev thiab nws cov kev ua tau zoo tuaj yeem ncav cuag qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm autoclave cured laminate yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ntsuam xyuas qhov zoo ntawm OoA prepreg thiab nws cov txheej txheem molding.
Kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis OoA prepreg thawj zaug pib los ntawm kev tsim cov resin. Muaj peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov resins rau OoA prepregs: ib qho yog tswj qhov porosity ntawm cov khoom pwm, xws li siv cov tshuaj ntxiv-kho cov resins kom txo cov volatiles hauv cov tshuaj kho; qhov thib ob yog txhim kho kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov resins kho kom ua tiav cov khoom resin tsim los ntawm cov txheej txheem autoclave, suav nrog cov khoom thermal thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab; qhov thib peb yog xyuas kom meej tias prepreg muaj kev tsim khoom zoo, xws li xyuas kom meej tias cov resin tuaj yeem ntws hauv qab qhov siab ntawm qhov siab ntawm huab cua, xyuas kom meej tias nws muaj lub neej ntev viscosity thiab txaus chav tsev kub sab nraum lub sijhawm, thiab lwm yam. Cov chaw tsim khoom siv raw ua kev tshawb fawb thiab kev txhim kho cov khoom siv raws li cov kev xav tau tsim tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem txheej txheem. Cov lus qhia tseem ceeb yuav tsum suav nrog: txhim kho cov khoom siv kho tshuab, nce lub sijhawm sab nraud, txo qhov kub kho, thiab txhim kho cov dej noo thiab cua sov tiv taus. Qee qhov kev txhim kho kev ua tau zoo no tsis sib xws. , xws li kev tawv siab thiab kev kho kub qis. Koj yuav tsum nrhiav qhov sib npaug thiab xav txog nws kom meej!
Ntxiv rau kev tsim cov resin, txoj kev tsim khoom ntawm prepreg kuj txhawb nqa kev tsim daim ntawv thov ntawm OoA prepreg. Kev tshawb fawb pom qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov channel nqus tsev prepreg rau kev ua cov laminates xoom-porosity. Kev tshawb fawb tom qab ntawd tau qhia tias semi-impregnated prepregs tuaj yeem txhim kho cov pa permeability zoo. OoA prepregs yog semi-impregnated nrog resin, thiab cov fibers qhuav yog siv ua cov channel rau cov pa tso tawm. Cov pa roj thiab cov volatiles koom nrog hauv kev kho ntawm qhov chaw tuaj yeem tso tawm los ntawm cov channel xws li qhov porosity ntawm qhov kawg yog <1%.
Cov txheej txheem nqus tsev yog ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis-autoclave forming (OoA). Hauv ntej, nws yog ib qho txheej txheem molding uas kaw cov khoom ntawm cov pwm thiab lub hnab nqus tsev, thiab nias cov khoom los ntawm kev nqus tsev kom ua rau cov khoom me dua thiab cov khoom siv kho tshuab zoo dua. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom tseem ceeb yog
Ua ntej, tus neeg sawv cev tso tawm lossis daim ntaub tso tawm raug siv rau ntawm pwm layup (lossis daim ntawv iav). Lub prepreg raug tshuaj xyuas raws li tus qauv ntawm prepreg siv, feem ntau suav nrog qhov ntom ntom ntawm qhov chaw, cov ntsiab lus resin, cov khoom tsis ruaj khov thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv ntawm prepreg. Txiav lub prepreg kom loj. Thaum txiav, them sai sai rau qhov kev taw qhia ntawm cov fibers. Feem ntau, qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm cov fibers yuav tsum tsawg dua 1 °. Sau tus lej rau txhua chav tsev blanking thiab sau tus lej prepreg. Thaum tso cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg, cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg yuav tsum tau tso rau hauv kev txiav txim siab ntawm daim ntawv teev cia, thiab PE zaj duab xis lossis daim ntawv tso tawm yuav tsum tau txuas nrog raws li kev taw qhia ntawm cov fibers, thiab cov pa npuas yuav tsum tau caum raws li kev taw qhia ntawm cov fibers. Lub scraper nthuav tawm lub prepreg thiab khawb nws tawm ntau li ntau tau kom tshem tawm cov huab cua ntawm cov khaubncaws sab nraud povtseg. Thaum tso, qee zaum nws tsim nyog rau splicing prepregs, uas yuav tsum tau spliced raws li kev taw qhia fiber. Hauv cov txheej txheem splicing, sib tshooj thiab tsawg dua sib tshooj yuav tsum tau ua tiav, thiab cov seams splicing ntawm txhua txheej yuav tsum tau staggered. Feem ntau, qhov sib txuas ntawm unidirectional prepreg yog raws li nram no. 1 hli; lub braided prepreg tsuas yog tso cai rau sib tshooj, tsis yog splicing, thiab qhov dav sib tshooj yog 10 ~ 15 hli. Tom ntej no, them sai sai rau lub tshuab nqus tsev ua ntej-compaction, thiab qhov tuab ntawm pre-pumping sib txawv raws li qhov xav tau sib txawv. Lub hom phiaj yog tso cov huab cua uas raug kaw hauv qhov layup thiab cov volatiles hauv prepreg kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo sab hauv ntawm cov khoom. Tom qab ntawd muaj kev tso cov ntaub ntawv pabcuam thiab lub hnab nqus tsev. Lub hnab kaw thiab kho: Qhov yuav tsum tau ua kawg yog kom tsis txhob muaj peev xwm xau cua. Nco ntsoov: Qhov chaw uas feem ntau muaj cua xau yog qhov sib koom ua ke sealant.
Peb kuj tsim khoomfiberglass direct roving,cov ntaub fiberglass, fiberglass mesh, thiabfiberglass roving.
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Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-23-2022
