Hauv kev nkag siab dav dav, peb txoj kev nkag siab txog cov iav fiber yeej ib txwm yog tias nws yog cov khoom siv tsis yog hlau, tab sis nrog kev tshawb fawb tob zuj zus, peb paub tias muaj ntau hom iav fiber, thiab lawv muaj kev ua tau zoo heev, thiab muaj ntau yam zoo heev. Piv txwv li, nws lub zog kho tshuab yog qhov siab heev, thiab nws qhov kev tiv thaiv cua sov thiab kev tiv thaiv corrosion kuj zoo heev. Nws yog qhov tseeb tias tsis muaj cov khoom zoo meej, thiab cov iav fiber kuj muaj nws qhov tsis zoo uas tsis tuaj yeem tsis quav ntsej, uas yog, nws tsis hnav-resistant thiab yooj yim rau brittleness. Yog li ntawd, hauv kev siv tiag tiag, peb yuav tsum siv peb lub zog thiab zam peb qhov tsis muaj zog.
Cov khoom siv ua los ntawm cov iav fiber yooj yim nrhiav tau, feem ntau yog pov tseg cov iav qub lossis cov khoom siv iav. Cov iav fiber zoo heev, thiab ntau dua 20 lub iav monofilaments ua ke yog sib npaug rau qhov tuab ntawm cov plaub hau. Cov iav fiber feem ntau tuaj yeem siv ua cov khoom siv txhawb nqa hauv cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw. Vim yog kev tshawb fawb txog cov iav fiber ntau zuj zus hauv xyoo tas los no, nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv peb txoj kev tsim khoom thiab lub neej. Cov ntawv tom ntej no feem ntau piav qhia txog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab kev siv cov iav fiber. Tsab xov xwm no qhia txog cov khoom, cov khoom tseem ceeb, cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb, thiab kev faib cov khoom siv ntawm cov iav fiber. Cov ntawv tom ntej no yuav tham txog nws cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, kev siv tseem ceeb, kev tiv thaiv kev nyab xeeb, kev lag luam thiab kev cia siab ntawm kev loj hlob.
Ikev taw qhia
1.1 Cov khoom siv iav fiber
Lwm yam zoo heev ntawm cov iav fiber yog nws lub zog tensile siab, uas tuaj yeem ncav cuag 6.9g / d hauv lub xeev txheem thiab 5.8g / d hauv qhov xwm txheej ntub. Cov khoom zoo li no ua rau cov iav fiber feem ntau Siv tau thoob ntiaj teb ua cov khoom siv txhawb nqa. Nws muaj qhov ceev ntawm 2.54. Cov iav fiber kuj tseem tiv taus cua sov heev, thiab nws khaws nws cov khoom ib txwm muaj ntawm 300 ° C. Fiberglass kuj qee zaum siv dav dav ua cov khoom rwb thaiv tsev thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv, ua tsaug rau nws cov khoom hluav taws xob rwb thaiv tsev thiab nws tsis muaj peev xwm ua rau xeb yooj yim.
1.2 Cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb
Cov khoom siv ntawm cov iav fiber yog qhov nyuaj heev. Feem ntau, cov khoom tseem ceeb uas txhua tus paub yog silica, magnesium oxide, sodium oxide, boron oxide, txhuas oxide, calcium oxide thiab lwm yam. Lub txoj kab uas hla ntawm monofilament ntawm cov iav fiber yog li 10 microns, uas yog sib npaug rau 1/10 ntawm txoj kab uas hla ntawm cov plaub hau. Txhua pob ntawm cov fibers yog tsim los ntawm ntau txhiab tus monofilaments. Cov txheej txheem kos duab yog txawv me ntsis. Feem ntau, cov ntsiab lus ntawm silica hauv cov iav fiber suav rau 50% txog 65%. Lub zog tensile ntawm cov iav fibers nrog cov ntsiab lus txhuas oxide ntau dua 20% yog qhov siab heev, feem ntau yog cov iav fibers muaj zog siab, thaum cov ntsiab lus txhuas oxide ntawm cov iav fibers tsis muaj alkali feem ntau yog li 15%. Yog tias koj xav ua kom cov iav fiber muaj cov qauv elastic loj dua, koj yuav tsum xyuas kom meej tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm magnesium oxide ntau dua 10%. Vim yog cov iav fiber muaj me ntsis ntawm ferric oxide, nws txoj kev tiv thaiv corrosion tau zoo dua rau ntau qib.
1.3 Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb
1.3.1 Cov ntaub ntawv raw thiab daim ntawv thov
Piv nrog cov fibers inorganic, cov khoom ntawm cov iav fibers zoo dua. Nws nyuaj rau hluav taws, tiv taus cua sov, rwb thaiv tsev kub, ruaj khov dua, thiab tiv taus tensile. Tab sis nws yog brittle thiab tsis hnav tsis kam. Siv los ua cov yas txhawb nqa lossis siv los txhawb roj hmab, ua cov khoom siv txhawb nqa, iav fiber muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
(1) Nws lub zog tensile zoo dua li lwm cov ntaub ntawv, tab sis qhov elongation qis heev.
(2) Tus coefficient elastic yog qhov tsim nyog dua.
(3) Hauv qhov txwv elastic, cov iav fiber tuaj yeem ntev ntev thiab muaj zog heev, yog li nws tuaj yeem nqus tau ntau lub zog thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam.
(4) Vim tias cov iav fiber yog cov inorganic fiber, inorganic fiber muaj ntau yam zoo, nws tsis yooj yim hlawv thiab nws cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov.
(5) Nws tsis yooj yim rau nqus dej.
(6) Kub-resistant thiab ruaj khov nyob rau hauv xwm, tsis yooj yim rau react.
(7) Nws cov txheej txheem ua tau zoo heev, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua tiav rau hauv cov khoom zoo heev hauv ntau yam duab xws li cov xov, cov ntaub, cov pob khoom, thiab cov ntaub woven.
(8) Muaj peev xwm xa lub teeb.
(9) Vim tias cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim nrhiav tau, tus nqi tsis kim.
(10) Thaum kub siab, es tsis txhob hlawv, nws yaj mus ua cov kua dej.
1.4 Kev faib tawm
Raws li cov qauv kev faib tawm sib txawv, cov iav fiber tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau hom. Raws li cov duab thiab qhov ntev sib txawv, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom: cov fiber txuas ntxiv, paj rwb fiber thiab cov fiber ntev ruaj khov. Raws li cov khoom sib txawv, xws li cov ntsiab lus alkali, nws tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom: cov iav fiber tsis muaj alkali, cov iav fiber nruab nrab alkali, thiab cov iav fiber siab alkali.
1.5 Cov khoom siv raw khoom
Hauv kev tsim khoom lag luam tiag tiag, txhawm rau tsim cov iav fiber, peb xav tau alumina, quartz xuab zeb, limestone, pyrophyllite, dolomite, soda ash, mirabilite, boric acid, fluorite, av iav fiber, thiab lwm yam.
1.6 Txoj kev tsim khoom
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom lag luam muaj peev xwm muab faib ua ob pawg: ib qho yog yaj cov iav fibers ua ntej, thiab tom qab ntawd ua cov khoom iav spherical lossis pas nrig nrog cov kab uas me dua. Tom qab ntawd, nws raug cua sov thiab rov yaj dua hauv ntau txoj kev sib txawv los ua cov fibers zoo nrog lub cheeb ntawm 3-80 μm. Lwm hom kuj yaj cov iav ua ntej, tab sis tsim cov iav fibers es tsis yog rods lossis spheres. Cov qauv tom qab ntawd raug rub los ntawm lub phaj platinum alloy siv txoj kev kos duab. Cov khoom tshwm sim hu ua cov fibers txuas ntxiv mus. Yog tias cov fibers raug kos los ntawm kev npaj roller, cov khoom tshwm sim hu ua discontinuous fibers, tseem hu ua cut-to-length glass fibers, thiab staple fibers.
1.7 Kev ntsuas qib
Raws li qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw, kev siv thiab cov khoom ntawm cov iav fiber, nws tau muab faib ua ntau qib. Cov iav fibers uas tau muag thoob ntiaj teb yog raws li nram no:
1.7.1 E-iav
Nws yog iav borate, uas tseem hu ua iav alkali-free hauv lub neej txhua hnub. Vim nws muaj ntau yam zoo, nws yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws. Tam sim no nws yog qhov siv dav tshaj plaws, txawm hais tias nws siv dav, tab sis nws kuj muaj qhov tsis zoo uas tsis zam. Nws yooj yim cuam tshuam nrog cov ntsev inorganic, yog li nws nyuaj rau khaws cia rau hauv ib puag ncig acidic.
1.7.2 C-iav
Hauv kev tsim khoom tiag tiag, nws tseem hu ua iav alkali nruab nrab, uas muaj cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ruaj khov thiab tiv taus kua qaub zoo. Nws qhov tsis zoo yog tias lub zog kho tshuab tsis siab thiab kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob tsis zoo. Qhov chaw sib txawv muaj cov qauv sib txawv. Hauv kev lag luam iav fiber hauv tsev, tsis muaj boron hauv iav alkali nruab nrab. Tab sis hauv kev lag luam iav fiber txawv teb chaws, qhov lawv tsim yog iav alkali nruab nrab uas muaj boron. Tsis yog cov ntsiab lus sib txawv xwb, tab sis kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm los ntawm iav alkali nruab nrab hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws kuj txawv. Cov iav fiber nto lev thiab iav fiber rods tsim tawm txawv teb chaws yog ua los ntawm iav alkali nruab nrab. Hauv kev tsim khoom, iav alkali nruab nrab kuj ua haujlwm hauv asphalt. Hauv kuv lub tebchaws, qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog tias nws siv dav vim nws tus nqi qis heev, thiab nws ua haujlwm txhua qhov chaw hauv kev lag luam ntaub qhwv thiab lim ntaub.
1.7.3 Cov iav fiber A iav
Hauv kev tsim khoom, tib neeg kuj hu nws ua iav siab-alkali, uas yog rau sodium silicate iav, tab sis vim nws tsis kam dej, feem ntau nws tsis tsim ua iav fiber.
1.7.4 Fiberglass D iav
Nws tseem hu ua dielectric iav thiab feem ntau yog cov khoom siv tseem ceeb rau dielectric iav fibers.
1.7.5 Cov iav fiber ntau lub zog iav
Nws lub zog yog 1/4 siab dua li ntawm E-iav fiber, thiab nws cov elastic modulus siab dua li ntawm E-iav fiber. Vim nws muaj ntau yam zoo, nws yuav tsum tau siv dav, tab sis vim nws tus nqi siab, tam sim no nws tsuas yog siv rau qee qhov chaw tseem ceeb, xws li kev lag luam tub rog, aerospace thiab lwm yam.
1.7.5 Cov iav fiber AR iav
Nws tseem hu ua alkali-resistant iav fiber, uas yog cov inorganic fiber ntshiab thiab siv ua cov khoom siv reinforcing hauv iav fiber reinforced concrete. Hauv qee qhov xwm txheej, nws tuaj yeem hloov hlau thiab asbestos.
1.7.6 Cov iav fiber E-CR iav
Nws yog ib qho iav uas tsis muaj boron thiab alkali zoo dua. Vim tias nws cov dej tsis kam yog ze li ntawm 10 npaug ntau dua li cov iav fiber uas tsis muaj alkali, nws yog siv dav hauv kev tsim cov khoom uas tsis muaj dej. Ntxiv mus, nws cov kua qaub kuj muaj zog heev, thiab nws nyob hauv txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim thiab siv cov kav dej hauv av. Ntxiv rau cov iav fiber uas pom ntau dua uas tau hais los saum toj no, cov kws tshawb fawb tam sim no tau tsim ib hom iav fiber tshiab. Vim tias nws yog cov khoom tsis muaj boron, nws ua rau tib neeg txaus siab rau kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig. Nyob rau xyoo tas los no, muaj lwm hom iav fiber uas nrov dua, uas yog iav fiber nrog ob chav iav. Hauv cov khoom iav wool tam sim no, peb tuaj yeem pom nws muaj nyob.
1.8 Kev txheeb xyuas cov iav fibers
Txoj kev sib txawv ntawm cov iav fibers yog qhov yooj yim heev, uas yog, muab cov iav fibers rau hauv dej, cua sov kom txog thaum cov dej npau, thiab khaws cia rau 6-7 teev. Yog tias koj pom tias cov lus qhia ntawm cov iav fibers ua rau tsis sib haum, nws yog cov iav fibers alkali siab. . Raws li cov qauv sib txawv, muaj ntau txoj kev faib tawm ntawm cov iav fibers, uas feem ntau muab faib los ntawm qhov ntev thiab txoj kab uas hla, cov khoom sib xyaw thiab kev ua tau zoo.
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Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Lub Rau Hli-22-2022
